Sarcoidosis
Expert diagnosis and treatment for pulmonary and extrapulmonary sarcoidosis with personalized care
What is Sarcoidosis?
Sarcoidosis is a rare inflammatory disease characterized by tiny clumps of inflammatory cells called granulomas in various organs, most commonly the lungs and lymph nodes.
Sarcoidosis typically develops between ages 20-40 and is slightly more common in women. While the exact cause is unknown, it may result from an abnormal immune response to environmental triggers.
Key characteristics:
Granuloma Formation
Tiny clumps of inflammatory cells that can alter organ structure.
Multisystem Involvement
Can affect multiple organs, most commonly lungs (90% of cases).
Variable Course
May resolve spontaneously or progress to organ damage.
Stages of Pulmonary Sarcoidosis
Stage 0
Normal chest X-ray
Stage I
Enlarged lymph nodes, no lung infiltrates
Stage II
Lymphadenopathy with lung infiltrates
Stage III
Lung infiltrates without lymphadenopathy
Stage IV
Pulmonary fibrosis (scarring)
Causes & Risk Factors
Genetic Factors
- Family history of sarcoidosis
- Certain HLA gene variants
- Increased risk in certain ethnic groups
Environmental Triggers
- Exposure to mold, pesticides, or dust
- Occupational exposures
- Infectious agents
Important: Sarcoidosis is not contagious.
Common Symptoms
General Symptoms
Fatigue
Persistent tiredness
Fever
Low-grade fever, night sweats
Weight Loss
Unexplained weight loss
Swollen Lymph Nodes
In chest, neck, or armpits
Pulmonary Symptoms
Shortness of Breath
Especially with exertion
Persistent Cough
Dry cough
Organ-Specific Symptoms
Skin
Erythema nodosum, lupus pernio
Eyes
Uveitis, redness, blurry vision
Heart
Palpitations, chest pain
Joints
Joint pain and swelling
Diagnosis
- Chest X-Ray & HRCT: Detect lymphadenopathy and lung infiltrates
- Biopsy: Gold standard - shows non-caseating granulomas
- Pulmonary Function Tests: Assess lung function
- Blood Tests: ACE levels, calcium, liver function
- Echocardiogram & ECG: Evaluate heart involvement
Treatment at Our Center
Treatment Options
Watchful Waiting
For asymptomatic or mild cases with regular monitoring.
Corticosteroids
First-line treatment - Prednisone, tapered over months.
Immunosuppressive Medications
Methotrexate, azathioprine for steroid-resistant cases.
Biologic Agents
TNF-alpha inhibitors for refractory disease.
When Treatment is Indicated
- Severe or progressive pulmonary disease
- Cardiac or neurologic involvement
- Eye involvement not responding to topical treatment
- Disfiguring skin lesions
Lifestyle Management
- Quit smoking and avoid secondhand smoke
- Maintain healthy diet and regular exercise
- Avoid exposure to dust and chemicals
- Get annual flu and pneumonia vaccines
Prognosis
Spontaneous remission
Need long-term treatment
Permanent organ damage
Why Choose Our Center?
Comprehensive, multidisciplinary care for sarcoidosis
Multidisciplinary Team
Pulmonologists, rheumatologists
Advanced Diagnostics
EBUS, HRCT, PET-CT, cardiac MRI
Personalized Treatment
Steroid-sparing & biologic therapy
Long-term Follow-up
Regular monitoring and care
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